These are two ways to treat certain types of tumors without using surgery. These treatments may be used alone or together. They may also be used with other treatments. They may be an option when surgery is not possible or is too risky.
Tumor embolization treats a tumor by cutting off its blood supply. Without blood, the tumor will shrink or at least grow more slowly.
The doctor puts a substance into the blood vessel that supplies or feeds the tumor. Several substances can be used to block blood flow. They may include particles, chemotherapy, or tiny beads. The tiny beads may contain chemotherapy or radiation.
Embolization is sometimes done to shrink a tumor before tumor ablation. It may also be done before surgery because it reduces bleeding. This makes the tumor easier to see.
Tumor ablation is a way to destroy tumors. It may be done using:
- Heat. Radio waves may be used to burn the tumor. This is called radiofrequency ablation. Other ways to apply heat include using microwaves, lasers, or ultrasound.
- Cold. A very cold gas is used to freeze the tumor. This is called cryotherapy or cryoablation.
- Chemicals. A chemical is injected into the tumor. This is called chemical ablation. Alcohol (ethanol) is often used.
Ablation may be a good option for smaller tumors. It may not work well in larger tumors.